СРОЧНО!!!Помогите с точным переводом. It is an island state. It covers a territory of two large islands and several smaller ones. Its coast is over

,a ,h ,t ,r ,n ,a ,d ;s ,s ,e ,r ,i ;n ,s ,o .

кормовой (носовой) части.

Our cabin is on the port (starboard) side, in the stern (in the bows).

Пойдемте на палубу. Let's go on deck.

Это фразы из моего разговорника.

Думаю, что эти фразы можно сказать иначе. Как?

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Great Britain and Northern Ireland is situated on the British Isles. The British Isles consist of two large islands. Great Britain and Ireland , and about five thousands small islands. Their total area is over 244 000 square kilometre. The United Kihgdom is one of the world's smaller countries. Its population is over 57 million. About 80 percent of the population is urban. The United Kihgdom is made up of four countries : England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland. Their capitals are London , Cardiff, Edinburg and Belfast respectively. Great Britain consists England , Scotland and Wales and does not include Northern Ireland. But in everyday speech Great Britain is used in the meaning of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The capital of the UK is London. The British Isles are separated from the Continent by the North Sea and the British Channel. The western coast of Great Britain is washed by the Atlantic Ocean and the Irish Sea. The surface of the British Isles varies very much. The North of Scotland is mountainous and is called the Highlands. The South , which has beautiful valleys and plains , is called the Lowlands. The north and west of England are mountainous , but the eastern , central and south-eastern parts of England are a vast plain , Mountains are not very high. Ben Nevis in Scotland is the highest mountainous ( 1343 m ). There are a lot of rivers in Great Britain , but they are not very long. The Seven is the longest river , while the Thames is the deepest and the most important one.

KINGDOM

1. Britons, and the English in particular, are notoriously undemonstrative. The “stuff upper lip” is not just the stuff of fiction and emotional displays, positive or negative, are generally frowned upon. Gestures such as backslapping and hugging are discouraged and a wide distance should be maintained between participants in a conversation. Maintaining eye contact may be necessary when you are trying to emphasize important points but you must avoid any temptation to “eye-ball”. Talking loudly is unacceptable and shouting is beyond the pale. Some old-fashioned interlocutors may not hear you if you have your hands in your pockets. The British do not gesticulate frantically.

2. Introductions can be tricky. Ideally the British prefer third-party introductions but in certain situations, like a drinks party, it may not always be possible and, though awkward, you may just have to go ahead and introduce yourself. Firm handshakes are the norm as part of a formal introduction but may not be expected at subsequent meetings or on social occasions; a gentleman should always wait for a woman to proffer her hand before squeezing it gently. The continental habit of exchanging kisses has gained currency especially amongst the young and the affected but is not recommended for visitors – even the natives are unsure of the correct procedure.

3. “How do you do?” is a greeting not a question. It is used when people are introduced for the first time only and the correct response is to repeat “How do you do?” which is a more or less sincere enquiry as to your well-being.

4. This emotional detachment or even apparent indifference also explains the British abhorrence of Americanisms such as “Have a nice day”. The objection lies not in the sentiment itself but in the lack of sincerity that is implied to the stand-offish British mentality.

5. If the British use few words, it is because they prefer to mean those they do use. They are polite and courteous for the most part. They expect to be treated with respect, in turn for which they will treat you with respect, so: – if there is a queue, go to the back of the line and wait patiently; - do not use the “V” – sign (raising the index and middle fingers) unless you are sure which is the Churchillian version signifying peace or victory (palm outwards); the use of the alternative version (palm inwards) is less common nowadays but is still vulgar and offensive.

6. A service charge of 10-15 % is almost always included in hotel and restaurant bills and you should be wary of establishments that leave the credit card slip open for you to include an additional contribution (if you wish to reward exceptional service give cash directly to the staff). Do not tip bar staff in pubs where there is no table service. Otherwise taxi drivers (especially in London), hairdressers, porters, etc. will expect 10-15 % or a couple of pounds, whichever is the greater.

IV. Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. What kind of people are Britons?

2. What kind of introductions do the British prefer?

3. What does “How do you do?” mean in Britain?

4. What are the norms of public behaviour in Britain?

proportions to its actual volume as exposed to air and light and it is thin enough to permit ample light to reach almost every cell

NVENTORS AND INVENTIONS (A DIALOGUE)Pete: For thousands of years people led a primitive way of life and then incomparatively short period of time a gigantic leap has been made in the scientific andtechnical progress.Ann: I also thought of how much it had been done by the people to reach thepresent state of the development of the human society.Pete: Yes, Ann. And it is necessary to say that great contribution of thedevelopment of world science had also been made by the Russian scientists andinventors before the Revolution.Ann: Right you are, Pete. She does not know the names of the great Russianscientists and inventors such as Lomonosov, Mendeleyev, Sechenov, Pavlov,Michurin and many others?Pete: I think that it's hardly possible to name a branch of science in thedevelopment of which the Russian scientists have not played the greatest role. Whatdo you think of it, Ann?Ann: I am of your opinion. Lomonosov was an outstanding innovator both inthe humanities and in exact sciences. He founded the first Russian University.Mendeleyev’s greatest discovery was his Periodic 'System of Elements. Popovinvented radio. Sechenov and Pavlov «ere the world's greatest physiologists.Tsiolkovsky is the father of rocket flying. He had decided the principles of jet propelled flying machines for interplanetary communication.Pete: Michurin was the greatest Russian scientist and selectionist. His maindoctrine of the development of biology has been expressed in his conclusion: “Wecannot wait for favours from nature”CRAVITATIONAL WAVESIn 1916 Albert Einstein published his theory of general relativity. In one of its major aspectsthis is a theory of the nature and operation of gravitational forces with which Einstein intended toreplace the classical theory devised by Isaac Newton in the 17th century.Einstein’s theory makes a number of predictions that are radically different from those ofNewton. One of the most striking of these is that gravitational forces should be propagated in wavesin a manner similar to the way electric and magnetic forces are. These gravitational waves shouldconsist of cyclically fluctuating gravitational forces; they should carry energy from place to placeand they should cause minute fluctuations of the surfaces of objects they encounter.Any accelerated body could be a source of gravitational waves, but in practice physicistslook to large astronomical bodies such as oblate stars or binary stars.The prediction was that gravitational waves would be extremely weak: for a cylinder ametre long the amount of surface disturbance would be a fraction of the diameter of an atomicnucleus.For 40 years no one seriously looked for gravitational waves, but in the late 1950’s Dr.Weber began to develop equipment he thought would do the job. As receivers he used aluminiumcylinders of about a ton’s weight, and developed piezoelectric sensors that can record fluctuationsin the surface of these cylinders amounting to fractions of a nuclear diameter.In 1969 Dr.Weber announced that his equipment had recorded gravitational waves. Sincethen he has been subjected to criticism, based mainly on his statistical analysis of the data. In spiteof the waves, experiments are now in progress both in this country and the United States.Most of these try to make the detectors more sensitive or to design new kinds of detectorsthat will record frequency ranges other then the one – 1.660 cycles per second (Hertz– thatDr.Weber has pioneered)