найди соответствия слов.

“far,” and phone, meaning "sound," and refers to a telecommunications device that allows the human voice to travel across great distances. There are different types of telephones and corresponding types of telephone systems. The three main types of telephone systems are Plain Old Telephone Service, cellular wireless phones, and Internet
Protocol phones.
Landline telephone systems are part of the Plain Old Telephone Service (POTS), the analog service with copper wiring that is the direct great-grand-baby of the original telephone system courtesy of Alexander Graham Bell. The advantages include standardized equipment, predictable sound quality, and — due to direct connections to the central office of the company — no need to share the system’s capacity with
others. Because switches are in place, creating a private circuit for each phone call, it is also called the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). A new-fangled term, given the recent alternatives, is “landlines.”
Another of the types of telephone systems is for cellular wireless phones, with individual companies having their own networks with varying technology. Like POTS systems, cellular wireless telephone systems are full-duplex systems, meaning that both people on the call can talk at the same time, but cell phones use radio frequencies, rather than copper wire. Though cellular networks began as mobile voice networks only, they now carry both voice and data. Some networks are national,
while others are international, and new technologies are continually in development. The networks known as 3G support not only cell phones, but also netbook computers, smartphones, and wireless modem aircards.
Internet Protocol (IP) telephone systems, also called Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), are another group of the telephone systems that are in use in the 21st century. This type of telephone service piggy-backs on existing Internet service, either cable service or DSL broadband. A device called an Analog Telephone Adaptor is the go between that connects whatever phone you happen to have with either your broadband modem – or your router, if you have one.
IP systems can be set up with a single line for both Internet and telephone service, which can save money.
With an Integrated T1 line, instead of being set up for voice, on the one hand, or data, on the other, the T1 line is able to handle both. With Dynamic T1, the line is capable of assigning bandwidth as needed, given the current use.

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1. Brand is the "name, term, design, symbol, or any other feature that identifies one seller's product distinct from those of other sellers". Initially, Branding was adopted to differentiate one person's cattle from another's by means of a distinctive symbol burned into the animal's skin with a hot iron stamp , and was subsequently used in business , marketing and advertising . A modern example of a brand is Coca Cola which belongs to the Coca-Cola Company.
2. A brand is often the most valuable asset of a corporation. Brand owners manage their brands carefully to create shareholder value.
3. Proper branding can result in higher sales of not only one product, but on other products associated with that brand. For example, if a customer loves Pillsbury biscuits and trusts the brand, he or she is more likely to try other products offered by the company such as chocolate chip cookies. Brand is the personality that identifies a product, service or company (name, term, sign, symbol, or design, or combination of them) and how it relates to key constituencies: customers, staff, partners, investors etc.
4. A brand is one of the most valuable elements in an advertising theme, as it demonstrates what the brand owner is able to offer in the marketplace . The art of creating and maintaining a brand is called brand management .
5. Brands typically are made up of various elements, such as: name, logo, tagline or catchphrase, graphics, shapes, colors, sounds, scents, tastes, movements and customer relationship management.
6. Today, brand plays a much bigger role. Brands have been coopted as powerful symbols in larger debates about economics, social issues, and politics. The power of brands to communicate a complex message quickly and with emotional impact and the ability of brands to attract media attention, make them ideal tools in the hands of activists.
7. Iconic brands are defined as having aspects that contribute to consumer's self-expression and personal identity. Brands whose value to consumers comes primarily from having identity value are said to be "identity brands". Some of these brands have such a strong identity that they become more or less cultural icons which makes them "iconic brands". Examples are: Apple , Nike and Harley Davidson . Many iconic brands include almost ritual-like behaviour in purchasing or consuming the products.
8. The existing strong brand name can be used as a vehicle for new or modified products; for example, many fashion and designer companies extended brands into fragrances, shoes and accessories , home textile, home decor , luggage , (sun-) glasses, furniture, hotels, etc. Thus, Mars extended its brand to ice cream, Caterpillar to shoes and watches, Michelin to a restaurant guide, Adidas and Puma to personal hygiene. Dunlop extended its brand from tires to other rubber products such as shoes, golf balls, tennis racquets and adhesives.

3. Найдите соответствующие ответы на вопросы.
1. What spheres have been primarily branding used in?
2. Why does brand increase the sale of its associate items?
3. Is flavour a component of the brand?
4. What is the main goal of branding?
5. Is the brand name used as a new or modified vehicle?

a. If consumers like and trust the brand they'll buy all its goods.
b. To communicate messages, attract media attention, influence
emotionally.
c. No, it isn't.
d. Advertising, business and marketing.
e. Yes, it is.

4. Найдите в тексте синонимы к следующим словам и переведите их:
marking → …, to distinguish → …, present-day → …, heedfully → …, trademark → …, personnel → …, to include → …, worth → …, buying → …, changed → …