Margaret, the eldest of the four, was sixteen, and very pretty, being plump and fair, with large eyes, plenty of soft brown hair, a sweet mouth, and

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ings made it larger and stronger and kept soldiers, armour, weapons, treasure,and sometimes important prisoners there. For five hundred years coins of realm were minted at the Tower and official documents stored in some of the castle buildings. There was ever a zoo there, which began as the king's private collection of animals.

2. Nowadays it is busy with thousands of visitors. In fact the Tower today is like a traditional English village. The ravens are certainly among the the most important residents in Tower, for — so the story goes — if they every leave, the Tower will fall and England with it.

З. These days there are usually about six ravens hopping and necking around the Tower lawns in the daytime. One of the Yeoman Warders cares for,them. He feeds them on raw meat, biscuits soaked in blood, rabbits' heads, fruit and eggs. He talks them back into their cage every night, and from time to time clips their wings — just to take sure that they never do leave.

4. The Yeoman Warders have guarded the Tower since reign of Henry VIII. Every day at the Tower ends with the Ceremony of the Keys. The soldiers of the Tower Guard escort the Chief Yeoman Warder as he looks the outer gates. When this is done the guard salute "the Queen's keys" and the Chief Warder calls out "God preserves Queen Elizabeth". Then he takes the keys to the Governor in Queen's House. The Tower of London is safe and secure for the night. It is a very old ceremony —700 years old.

VII. Прочитайте 2 абзац и вопрос к нему. Из приведенных вариантов ответа укажите номер предложения, содержащего правильный ответ на поставленный вопрос.

Why are the ravens cared to carefully in the Tower?

1. These days there are usually about six ravens hopping and necking around the Tower lawns in the daytime.

2. Nowadays it is busy with thousands of visitors.

З. The ravens are certainly among the most important residents in the Tower, for — so the story goes — if they every leave, the Tower will fall and England with it.

languages. They became important especially at the present time. Foreign languages are needed as the main and most efficient means of information exchange between the people of our planet. Today English is the language of the world. Over 350 (three hundred and fifty) million people speak it as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, in the United States of America, Austral­ ia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages in the Irish Republic, Canada and South African Republic. As a second language it is used in the former British and US colonies. It is the major international language for communication in such areas as science, technology, business and mass media. English ought to be used as one of the official languages of the United Nations Organisation and other political organisations. It is the language of computer software, literature, education, modern music, international tourism. Learning a foreign language is not an easy thing. It is a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But every educated person, every good specialist has to know English, because it is absolutely necessary «• nowadays. It is well known that reading books in the original, talking with the English speaking people will help a lot. When learning a foreign language you are to learn the culture and history of the native speakers. You may learn any foreign language. They are all important. Questions Урок 13 1. Why do we need to learn foreign languages now? 2. How many people in the world speak English? 3. What are English-speaking countries? 4. In what areas is English mostly used? 5. What are the difficulties in learning foreign languages? 6. Is the knowledge of English necessary nowadays and why?

upon the girls, for Mother was coming, and everyone brightened to welcome her. Meg stopped lecturing, and lighted the lamp, Amy got out of the easy chair without being asked, and Jo forgot how tired she was as she sat up to hold the slippers nearer to the blaze. "They are quite worn out. Marmee must have a new pair." "I thought I'd get her some with my dollar," said Beth. "No, I shall!" cried Amy. "I'm the oldest," began Meg, but Jo cut in with a decided, "I'm the man of the family now Papa is away, and I shall provide the slippers, for he told me to take special care of Mother while he was gone." "I'll tell you what we'll do," said Beth, "let's each get her something for Christmas, and not get anything for ourselves."

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As the schoolmaster rode on and on, the night grew darker and darker. He came to a place where the road ran over a small bridge across a stream. As Crane approached it, his heart began to beat fast. He suddenly remembered all the stories about ghosts that he had heard. He got frightened and gave his horse a kick: at first the animal rushed forward but then suddenly stopped. On the bank of the stream stood a horseman riding a black horse. The poor schoolmaster got still more frightened. He gave his horse another kick and rode on as fast as he could. The horseman followed. Having reached the top of a hill, Crane looked behind and was struck with horror as he saw that the horseman was headless. His horrow became still greater when he saw that the ghost held his own head in his hands. Crane tried to get away from the ghost, but the faster he rode, the faster the headless horseman rode after him. Soon, however, Crane saw a bridge behind the trees. "If I could reach that bridge," thought Crane, "I would be safe". Again he looked behind him. He saw the ghost picking up his own head and throwing it at him. Crane was struck on the head and fell off his horse. The headless horseman and his black horse quickly passed by and disappeared. The next morning Crane's old horse was found standing near his master's gate. But there was no Crane to be seen. On the bank of the stream they found the schoolmaster's hat and near it a pumpkin broken to small pieces. On the following Sunday many people gathered at the place where the hat and the pumpkin had been found. The stories of ghosts were told again. The villagers decided that the schoolmaster must have been carried off by the headless horseman. A few years later an old farmer who had been to New York brought the news that Crane lived in another village and had been made a judge. Shortly after his rival had disappeared, Brunt married Katrina. It was noticed that each time the story of Crane was told, he laughed or smiled. This made some people think that he knew about the matter more than cared to tell.