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vents, cabin, captain, carry, co-pilot, crew, cruising speed, distances, flight, flight engineer, galley, jet-propelled, passenger, passenger list, safety belts, seats, size, tourist, stewardesses, take-off, trip.

Airliner
Airliners, or 1.….. planes, differ from light planes not only in 2….. but also in speed and equipment. They are designed to 3….. a greater number of people over longer 4….. without stopping to refuel.
A passenger airliner has a comfortable 5….. with soft carpets, adjustable upholstered 6….., washrooms, and individual 7….. and reading lights. It has a 8….. for preparing food. Many airlines offer 9….., or economy class service, which costs less than first-class travel.
The 10….. of four-engine airliners range from about 350 mph for propeller-driven planes to more than 500 mph for 11….. planes.
The 12….. of an airliner works as a team to make the trip smooth and pleasant. While the passengers take their seats, the pilot or 13….., co-pilot, flight engineer, and stewardesses prepare the plane for 14….. . The pilot, assisted by the 15….., checks the instruments and tests the controls. The 16….. checks the other mechanical equipment. The stewardesses check the 17….., make sure that the passengers fasten their 18….. for 19….. . Later, the 20….. distribute magazines, serve meals, and do other things to make the 21….. enjoyable.

1. THEY OVERDID IT

The London police were looking for a criminal who had robbed a bank. One day they

caught him and took him to prison. But while they were taking photographs of him from

the front, from the left, from the right, with a hat, without a hat — he suddenly attacked

one of the policemen and ran away.

Then a week later the telephone rang in the police station and somebody said: "You are

looking for Ben Jackson, aren't you?" — "Yes." — "Well, he was at Victoria Station an

hour ago. He has probably left London by now."

The city police immediately sent four different photos of the robber to the railway

police. All the trains were searched.

Less than two hours later they got a telephone call from a small town not far from

London. "We have caught three of the men," they said happily, "and we hope to catch

the fourth very soon."

introductory textbooks on Economics begin by posing the question, “What is Economics about? Although Economics is a vast subject and precise definitions are usually try complex, it is not a difficult matter to give a simple and sensible answer to the basic question. Economics is essentially a study of the ways in which people apply their knowledge, skills, and efforts to the gifts of nature in order to satisfy their material wants.
Economics limits itself to the study of the material aspects of live, and while it is true that man cannot live by bread alone, it is equally true that he cannot live without it. An underlying problem in economics is that of survival and we must examine how people have solved or are trying to solve this problem. In the more advanced countries this may seem a very remote problem — few people, if any, are conscious of a life or death struggle for existence. In many other
countries, however, the continuity of human existence is by no means assured — starvation is a very real prospect for millions of human beings.
Even in the prosperous, economically advanced countries there is an aspect of survival which attracts little or no attention from those of us fortunate enough to live in these areas. This is our relative helplessness as «economic» indi-viduals. The Indian peasants have an extremely low standard of living, yet, left completely to their own devices, they can survive. Such people have the abilities to sustain life without outside assistance. A large percentage of the human race still lives in very small self-sufficient peasant communities. These people experience great poverty, but they can provide on an individual basis, for their own survival. They have a degree of economic independence.
If we now turn to the inhabitants of New York, London, or any other great metropolitan area we must observe the opposite situation — a high standard of living together with an extreme economic dependence. The inhabitants of cities are totally incapable of providing for themselves, directly, the means of their survival. They could not feed themselves, or build their own houses. Such people depend, each and every day of their lives, on the efforts and cooperation of many thousands of specialist workers. In industrialized societies a high standard of living is possible only if the organized cooperation of large numbers of people can be guaranteed. In the economically developed countries we are rich, not as individuals, but only as members of a complex economic organization.

вот два вопроса, на которые необходимо ответить:

1)What do most introductory books on Economics begin by?
2)What does it limit itself to?

other meaning? What is it? 3) From where does the phrase originate? 4) It the legend about "Mind the Gap" true / terrifying / humorous? 5) Do you know any similar legends about the place where you live?

Текст:

Mind the Gap" is not just an announcement that you'll hear in the London Underground when a train arrives at a station. Much more than just a warning about the "gap" between a carriage and the platform, it's a phrase that has entered popular culture and has become synonymous with London. People who have visited England's capital city say "Mind the Gap" to each other — often accompanied by knowing glances and subtle nods — while the rest of the world wonders what they are on about.
The phrase originated on the Northern Line, where the gaps between the curved train platforms at Embankment Station and the train itself were particularly large.
The biggest gaps one needs to mind are at Bank Station on the Central Line and at Waterloo Station on the Bakerloo Line. Basically, early in the history of Tube-line building the companies had to build their railways beneath public roads, so sharp curves were required at some points. Probably, the gap at Bank Station is so large because the tunnel diggers of the time had to turn from side to side a lot to miss the Bank of England's vaults.
One of the funniest urban legends about "Mind the Gap" is as follows:
Once you are on a train platform, beware! Approaching trains sometimes disturb the large Gappe bats that live in the tunnels. The Gappes were brought to London in the early 19th century by French smugglers and have proved impossible to get rid of. The announcement "Mind the Gappe!" is a signal that you should cover your hair and look Itowards the ceiling. Very few people have ever been killed by Gappes, though, and they are considered only a minor drawback to an otherwise excellent means of transport.

Times Square to watch a huge crystal ball descend from the top of a tall building as midnight approaches. At the final moment, people cheer and hug and kiss each other. In London, people gather in Trafalgar Square and listen for the chimes of a huge clock called Big Ben to mark the start of the New Year. Then they cheer and sing a traditional song: Auld Lang Syne. In Scotland, friends visit each other’s houses in the early hours of the New Year, bringing with them some bread, some whisky, and a lump of coal for good luck. This custom is called “first-footing.” In Japan, people decorate the doors of their houses with pine branches and bamboo, which symbolize long life and wealth. In China, families stay up till midnight to eat a special kind of dumpling. The dumplings are boiled and served just after midnight. A coin is hidden in one of the dumplings. The person who finds or bites the coin will be the luckiest one in the New Year. In Germany, New Year’s Eve is called « Sylvester» and is named after a pope from the 4th century. People dress up in their best clothes and visit each others’ houses to drink a toast to the New Year. In Spain, when the clock strikes midnight, it is the custom to eat 12 grapes, one with every chime, to bring good luck for the 12 months ahead.

Дайте письменно ответы на следующие вопросы. 1. In what country is a coin, hidden in a special dish, a symbol of luck in the coming year? 2. What plants symbolize longevity and prosperity? 3. Why is New Year’s Eve called Sylvester? 4. Why do they eat 12 grapes in Spain, when the clock strikes midnight?