Complete each second sentence using the word given so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five words in each gap.

Communication
technologies are generally categorized as asynchronous or synchronous.
Asynchronous activities use technologies such as blogs, wikis, and discussion
boards. The idea here is that participants may engage in the exchange of ideas
or information without the dependency of other participants involvement at the same
time. Electronic mail (Email) is also asynchronous, that mail can be sent or
received without having both the participants' involvement at the same time.
Synchronous activities involve the exchange of ideas and information with one
or more participants during the same period of time. A face to face discussion
is an example of synchronous communications. Synchronous activities occur with
all participants joining in at once, as with an online chat session or a
virtual classroom or meeting. Virtual classrooms and meetings can often use a
mix of communication technologies.


The term
eLearning 2.0 has been used to refer to the user of social software such as
blogs and wikis. This approach has been particularly evangelized by Stephen
Downes who runs the very popular daily blog and newsletter. In many models, the
writing community and the communication channels relate with the E-learning and
the M-learning communities. Both the communities provide a general overview of
the basic learning models and the activities required for the participants to
join the learning sessions across the virtual classroom or even across standard
classrooms enabled by technology.

Many active ties
essential for the learners in these environments require frequent chat sessions
in the form of virtual classrooms and/or blog meetings. The various blogs that
are being used for providing writing approaches are gaining popularity.
Advantages and Disadvantages A growing number of physical universities, as well
as newer online- only colleges, have begun to offer a select of academic degree
and certificate programs via the Internet at wide range of levels and in a wide
range of disciplines. While some programs require students to attend some
campus classes or orientations, many are delivered completely online. In
addition, several universities offer online student support services, such as
online advising and registration, e-counselling, online textbook purchase,
student governments and student newspapers. E-Learning can also refer to
educational web sites such as those offering learning scenarios, worksheets and
interactive exercises for children. The term is also used extensively in the
business sector where it generally refers to cost-effective online training.
Key advantages of E-learning are flexibility, convenience and the ability to
work at any place where an internet connection is available and at one's own
pace. E-classes are asynchronous which allows learners to participate and
complete coursework in accordance with their daily commitments. This makes an
E-learning education a viable option for those that have other commitments such
as family or work or cannot participate easily e.g. depending on a disability.
There are also transportation cost (and time) benefits with not having to
commute to and from campus. The cost benefits of E-learning to large corporate
organizations are difficult to ignore. When using E-learning to train users of
corporate computer systems, normally achieved by way of simulationbased
learning content, the learner finds himself in a software environment that is
exactly like the real one but which does not carry the same error risk.

Unlike classroom
training, users may repeat the E-learning course without duplicating the cost.
It is commonly accepted that the initial cost of an E-learning implementation
is expensive (once-off development cost), but that the cost of training (per
user) goes down exponentially as more learners use the Elearning course
material. When using E-learning simulations to assess learning progress, the
instructor is assessing the actual competence of the user to perform a transaction
and not merely knowledge of the system. Other advantages of E-learning are the
ability to communicate with fellow classmates independent of spatial distance,
a greater adaptability to learner's needs, more variety in learning experience
with the use of multimedia and the non-verbal presentation of teaching
material. Streamed video, recorded lectures and MP3 files provide visual and
audio learning that can be reviewed as often as needed. For organizations with
distributed and constantly changing learners (e.g. restaurant staff),
E-learning has considerable benefits when compared with organizing classroom
training. Disadvantages of E-learning include the lack of face-to-face
interaction with a teacher. Critics of E-learning argue that the process is no
longer "educational" in the highest philosophical sense (for example,
as defined by RS Peters, a philosopher of education). Supporters of E-learning
claim that this criticism is largely unfounded.

line to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line Collecting records These days, most of us have a CD (1) .................. .... Before the CD, (2) ............................ m ade LPs, or „long - playing‟ records. Although many (3) ....................... have never seen an LP, they were once very popular. To play these records, you needed a record (4) ........................ with a needle that ran along the r ecord and produced the sound. Some (5) ........................... say the sound of LPs was better than CDs - and many (6) .............................. agree! LPs are no longer very popular as a form of (7) ............................ , but many people buy and sell them. Some of them remember the LP from thei r (8) ........................... and listening to records reminds them of the past COLLECT SING CHILD PLAY MUSIC COLLECT ENTERTAIN CHILD B. Complete using the correct form of the verbs in the box. You have to use one word twice. c arry eat give jo in send take turn 9. Now, everyone knows this song, so I want you all to ............................. it with me! 10. It‟s noisy in this restaurant . Could you ask them to ............... ......... the music down? 11. There was a fight during the match and the refree ............................. two play ers off. 12. We .................. ... ..... out about once a week and we cook at home the rest of the time. 13. I love this song! ................................. it up! 14. I used to play the trumpet, but I ..................................... up last year because I didn‟t have time. 15. We stopped playing because of the rain , but when it stopped we ............... ......... on. 16. A good way of getting more exercise is to ............................... up a sport, like basketball. C. Complete each second sentence using the word given, so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Write between two and five wo rds. 17. Jack really likes football and never misses a match. crazy Jack .......................................................football and never misses a match.

2 18. My uncle worked on a sailing boat until he was thirty. was My uncle .....................................until he was thirty. 19. Do you want to watch TV? feel Do you ..............................................TV? 20. John participated in a swimming competition last week. part John .............................................in a swimming competition last week. 21. June and I had a game of tennis. against I had ......................................... June. 22. I played chest almost every day when I was young. used I ................................................chess almost every day when I was young. 23. Volleyball doesn‟t really interest me. in I‟m not......................................volleyball. 24. I enjoyed myself at your birthday party. fun I.................................................at your birthday party. 25. Young children like Disney land. popular Disneyland .....................................young children. 26. Karen doesn‟t like watching sport on TV. keen Karen ..............................................watching sport on TV. D. Choose the correct answer. 27. When you rang, I ........................my bike. A.cleaned C. used to clean B.was cleaning D. clean 28. At my last basketball club, we ...................every Saturday for three hours. A.were training C. train B.training D. used to train 29. I really ........................the meal we had at your house last Tuesday. A.was liking C. like B.liked D. am liking 30. We ........................to the beach every day when we were on holiday. A.went C. go B. were going D. used to going 31. I borke my leg when Tony and I .....................for the school sports day. A.practised C. were practising B.used to practise D. are practising 32.Leon never .........................about it, but he was once a world champion skier. A.talks C. was talking B.is talking D. talk 33. I ........................like golf, but now I really like it. A.don‟t use to C. didn‟t used to B.don‟t used to D. didn‟t use to 34. Denise ........................at the stadium until she finds a better job. A.works C. used to work B. is working D. was working E. Match the two halves of the sen tences 35. I waited outside the tennis club for 36. When you rang, I was in 37. We finally got to the stadium just in 38. I just play football for 39. I loved that film and when it comes out 40. It‟s great to appear on .............. .............. .............. .............. ..... ......... .............. A. fun, and I don‟t want to do it as a job. B. stage, with all the audience clapping. C. time to see the match start. D. a long time, but George didn‟t appear. E. on DVD, I‟ll definitely get it. F. the middle of cleaning my football boots.