тема write your opinion about the law of buying a pet at a certain age (в Великобритании принят закон ,запрещающий заводить питомца детям младше 12-ти лет

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states were different from each other and developed in different ways. The Northern states built factories and plants, and they also had a bigger population. The Southern states grew crops, which they then sold to Europe. The Southerners had huge cotton fields, where black slaves worked. There were about three and a half million slaves in the Southern states. As you know, although it was written in the Declaration of Independence that all men are created equal, these words were not true for the slaves. They lived in terrible conditions and had to work day and night. Even some Southerners understood that slavery was inhuman, but without it they were afraid their whole way of life would be destroyed. The Northerners were strongly against slavery; a lot of them helped slaves escape from their owners. They also tried to pass new laws to abolish slavery. This idea became more and more popular, which didn't suit many people in the South. The Southern states felt that their own country was against them, and they started to think of breaking away from the United States. When the time for the next elections came, it was clear that the most important question would be slavery. There were four candidates, but a Northerner called Abraham Lincoln won the election. In his inaugural address Lincoln warned the Southerners that they shouldn't destroy the union of the states, but they didn't listen. In February 1861 eleven Southern states formed their own union, which was called the Confederacy, but Abraham Lincoln wouldn't let them split up the country. And so the Civil War began. The North (their army was called the Union Army) was actually more powerful than the South: as you remember, they had more men, and their factories produced weapons and supplied the Northern army with everything it needed. But the Confederacy had one big advantage: they didn't have to invade the North, they just had to protect their own land and homes. At that time a lot of people thought that it would be possible. So at first, the Confederacy had more luck: their men were better trained and fought with more spirit. Just as in the Revolutionary War. Americans from the South were once again fighting for their independence. The Union soldiers were getting tired. After they lost some important battles, the anti-slavery idea wasn't enough to inspire them any more. The Southerners felt that just one more big victory would be enough to win the war. It was all decided here in Gettysburg in June 1863. The three-day battle was terrible and took the lives of more than fifty thousand men. On the fourth day, the Confederate commander, General Lee, had to admit that he had lost the battle. After the battle, the American President, Abraham Lincoln, came to Gettysburg to honour the memory of those who had died there. He made a speech there, which later became famous as "The Gettysburg Address". In that speech Lincoln told his countrymen that it was for them to make sure "that the dead shall not have died in vain and that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth." Two years later the Confederacy finally surrendered to the Union. As a result of the war, slavery was abolished and the United States of America was one country again.

альтернативный, разделительный и 2 специальных).

Write a letter to your friend and:
• Apologize for breaking your plans
• State the reason of your not coming
• Express your regret about postponing your meeting
Ask if it is possible to come later in the summer

Write a letter of at least 100 words. Do not write your own name, any dates, addresses or other personal information.

father becomes your father-in-law.The term inlaw is also used to describe your relationship with the spouses of your siblings. So the husband of your sister becomes you brother-in-law,while the sister of your husband becomes your sister-in-law. If you are a woman you daughter-in-law of your husbands parents and if you are a man you become the son-in-law of your wifes parents.The parents of your parents are your grandparents-grandmother and grandfather.You are their grandchildren-either and granddaughter or a grandson.The mother of your grandmother or grandfather is your great-grandmother.The father is your great-grandfather.The grandparents of your grandmother of your grandfather are you great-great-grandmother and great-great-grandfather.If your mother or father remarries,you can acquire a new family and set of relatives. If your father marries a second wife,she becomes your step-mother.Any children she already has become your step-sisters or step-brothers. Your mothers second husband becomes you step-father.Families may be classified into a number of different types.The most recognized of these families is the so-called nuclear family,which consists of a husband and wife and their biological or adoptive children.A family that includes is one household near relatives in addition to a nuclear family is called an extended family.It is a big family consisting of are least three generations living together.The head of the family is usually the oldest man.More often than not,such family consists of grand-parents,their sons and their sons families.A single-parent /one-parent family is another type of family. It is a family in which there is only one parent who takes care of the child or children because the parents are divorced,or because one of the parents is dead.Besides,thereare families which have no children.Many childless families choose not to have children because they concentrate on their careers,or like to travel. To replace children,childless families usually have pets instead.But whateve family it is its members will be happy if all of them get along well with eash other,don’t quarrel or argue but help each other both in everyday life and in household chores,when all the duties are organized among all the members and each one has his usual round of duties.Then it will be much easier to run house:to keep the flat tidy,to do the hovering the vacuum clearning,washing up,shopping,to cook meals,to iron the clothes etc.,and then to find some time to have fun together.

goods, the prices for these goods, information about the place of sale.

exactly where to find thousands of streets in London. You could find it on the bookshelves of the most London homes and in just every travel agency in the city. It lists every street in London and its carefully drawn maps show parks, gardens, railway lines, canals and just about anything else that can be put onto a piece of paper. So where did it come from? Phyllis Pearsall was a remarkable woman. She was born in Britain in 1906. She stayed there until she left school, and then travelled around France. She earned money by painting people's pictures and writing for a newspaper in Paris.
In the 1930s she returned to London, where she worked for her father's company, making maps of the world. She thought that there was a need for new street maps of London, after in 1935 she got lost while using a 20-year-old street map. So she started working on a book of maps. She walked along every street in the capital and wrote down the name, the important buildings and even the house numbers. Working eighteen-hour days she walked a total of 3,000 miles, while compiling her book. She kept the information about the streets on cards in small boxes.
One day a box with cards of all the streets beginning with "T" fell out of her window. She found most of the cards, but some cards landed on top of a bus and she never saw them again. When she sent the cards to the printer, someone asked her, "Why isn't Trafalgar Square in your book?" It was because she had lost the card. Phyllis Pearsall called her book A to Z. The first A to Z was in the shops in 1936 and sold very well. Now it is the most popular book of London street maps. It shows every street in London, important buildings, museums, theatres, schools, parks, train and underground stations. Later Phyllis Pearsall painted pictures of many of the city's famous buildings. In the same year, she formed the Geographers' Map Company which began publishing street maps and atlases of towns and cities and road maps of the whole country.
Today there are more than 130 people working for the Company. It publishes 359 titles including maps and atlases in both black and white and full colour. Computers were introduced into the drawing process in 1991. In 1996 the Company produced its first electronic street map of London on CD which contained over 90,000 streets, stations and different places of interest. 2005 saw the start of the next generation of A-Z maps, this time for mobile phones.
Phyllis Pearsall wrote about the history of the company in her book From Bedsitter to Household Name. She died in August 1996 at the age of 89.
Дайте пожалуйста перевод, но только не с переводчиков разных. заранее спасибо)