правило употребления артикля the перед географическими объектами

Read the text and think of the word which best fits each space . Use only ONE WORD for each space. There is an example at the beginning .

Modern living

Over the last forty years, 1) one of the major changes in the way we live concerns 2)(what,that)………………we eat.

As 3)…(well,good,so)……………… as the fact that we have larger incomes, foreign travel 4)…(has,have, had)…………… encouraged us to experiment 5)……(with,without,which)………………our cooking. As a result, ordinary people have developed taste 6) (for,from,in)……. exotic flavours. Supermarkets, 7)…(which,that,who)………………….. previously filled their shelves with only locally produced goods, now stock Caribbean vegetables, spices from India and 8)…(even,when, while)…………………….Chinese beer!

There is also a trend towards eating 9)…(more,more than, less)……………. healthily nowadays, so low-fat, low-calorie foodstuffs have become part of our weekly shopping basket. And vegetarian is on 10)…(a, the)…………………… rise, too. Government surveys predict that one in three of us 11) (shall,will,may,must)……………………… be a vegetarian by the end of the present decade

1) Jim broke his leg and was taken to the hospital right away.
2) There were many visitors at the hospital.
Объясните написание артикля the( перед словом hospital) в обоих случаях. Заранее благодарна за помощь!

1) I went into the church with a lot of other little girls and sat in the corner.
2) Every Sunday he went to church.
Задание: Нужно объяснить написание артикля the перед словом church. Почему в первом случае артикль есть, а во втором нет? Помогите пожалуйста, заранее благодарна.

Почему перед weather стоит определенный артикль the, ведь по правилу с weather употребляется нулевой артикль.