Whein in Rome Trevelling abroad Doing business in europe.

Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на выражение to have something done. 1.I have had my flat repaired recently. 2.She is going to have her hair cut tomorrow. 3.He had his car taken to the garage. 4.I’ll have my house cleaned tomorrow. 5.She had a letter delivered to the office. 6.He has just had his car washed. Раскройте скобки, вставив в предложения соответствующие конструкции used to и would; если возможны оба варианта, укажите это. Переведите предложения на русский язык. 1.In the evenings she (…) sit by the window and wait for her sons to come home. 2.She (…) be a doctor, now she is a pensioner. 3.He (…) go to the parties, when he was young. 4.She can no longer sing as she (…). 5.He (…) go jogging in the mornings, now he does not. 6.There (…) be a theatre here, now there is a warehouse. 7.He (…) be a good student. 8.They (…) go hiking in the youth, now they prefer packed and comfortable holidays. 9.We (…) go to the forest to gather mushrooms and berries. 10.She (…) be a director of a big school, now she is a housewife.

WHAT IS ECONOMICS? It is difficult to give a full and accurate definition of economics, but it is possible to indicate what problems economists are interested in. They are the factors that affect prices of goods and services and also resources necessary to produce them. Economists are also interested in sellers' and buyers' behaviour in the market, in the relationship between "price system" and "market mechanism". Now economics is more complex. There are three main approaches to economics: microeconomics, macroeconomics, and development economics. There are also several specialized areas of study. Among them are money economics, international economics, labour economics, industrial economics, agricultural economics, growth economics, mathematical economics, etc. Like many other sciences, economics uses models to understand economic problems. A model often helps an economist to make correct predictions. The economist usually follows several rules1 when he makes a model of economic behaviour. First, real life is complex and it is not possible for an economist to include all the details in a model. So, a model is an abstraction from real life. A model usually includes only essential elements and relationships of a particular economic situation. Second, if an economist has two different models of one phenomenon2, he always chooses the model that predicts the results of a particular phenomenon more accurately. Third, although models are helpful in economic analysis, an economist always studies the actual economic situation before he makes decisions. It is not enough to make models, it is also necessary to collect and study actual data in order to know how accurate a model is. Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту. 1. What problems are economists interested in? 2. What are the three main approaches to economics? 3. What specialized areas of economics do you know? 4. Why do economists use economic models? 5. Why is it not possible to include all the details in a model? 6. What does a model usually include? 7. Which of the models does an economist always choose? 8. Why is it necessary for an economist to collect and study actual data?

Переведите следующие словосочетания, образованные по схеме «существительное + существительное»: Образец: market analysis – анализ рынка Labour economics, labour market study, goods and services prices, growth economics problems, economic situation details, consumer behaviour, future prediction, growth mechanism, agriculture and manufacturing relationship, mineral resources prices, agricultural product price growth, area development, trade growth prediction.

The boy helped us ... find the wayto the railway station. 2. He would sooner... die than ... betray his friends. 3. Why not... start out now? We cannot wait for the rain ... stop. 4. You’ll be better tomorrow. You may ... come and ... dine with us. 5. Don’t let us ... get worried. There are a hundred things ... be done. 6. We had better... make haste. 7. You ought not... speak to the Dean like that. 8. What made you ... think so? 9. “Thanks,” Andrew answered, “I’d rather... seethe cases myself.” 10. He was made... obey the rules. 11.1 thought I would rather... get to the gallery alone, but I was obliged ... accept his company. 12.... have gone through what you have gone through is the lot of veryfew. 13. Get them ... come as early as possible. 14. There is hardly anything ... do but... work out an alternative plan

loyal b) bonus c) pay

2 ___________ people are self-employed.

a) A lot of b) A bit of c) Substantial

3 The organisational ____________ in our company is like a pyramid.

a) status b) subordinate c) hierarchy

4 If the phone rings, we’ll ____________ it.

a) avoid b) admit c) ignore

5 I like ___________ meetings where everyone is relaxed.

a) unformal b) informal c) disformal

6 Our market ____________ has fallen by 3% this year.

a) place b) share c) leader

7 I’ll meet you __________ Monday 1st.

a) on b) at c) in

8 You need to cut your spending. We’re on a really ___________ budget.

a) finance b) tight c) borrow

9 Local companies need a _____________ attitude to doing business abroad.

a) stable b) positive c) strong

10 I got my first job with the company on their graduate trainee ___________.

a) placement b) location c) scheme

11 You’ll need to _____________ an interview after you apply.

a) invite b) attend c) wait

12 After university I had to pay off my ____________.

a) debts b) accounts c) discounts

13 Many online banks are trying to protect customers from __________ and theft.

a) premiums b) claims c) fraud

14 I’ve asked three times for my money back but they still refuse to give me a ___________.

a) return b) satisfaction c) refund

15 The Just-in-time consultants say we need to reduce the ____________ in our warehouses.

a) stocks b) resources c) shares

William Caxton is the first English printer. He was born in Kent in 1422. His father was a farmer . William did not want to be a farmer like his father. So his father sent him to London. He worked in an office that is traded with other countries . William loved to read new books that have been published in Europe. When Willian Caxton was thirty , after the death of his master he started his business in Belgium. In 1471, he left his business and began translating French into English . He became interested in the press and at IAST he recognized him. William would like to have your own news one day, and he did it. In 1476 he brought his own print shop in London . Printing was the work of the devil. Some people like to break his press . Caxton printed his first book in 1477 . It was the first book printed in English . The book has been translated Caxtons French Tales of Troy William Caxton about eighty printed books. He turned thirty-one books from French. Caxton died in 1491

1. The letters are delivered by the postman. 2. That is forgotten by everybody. 3. That was forgotten by everybody. 4. The clouds are blown away by the wind. 5. The city is being defended bravely by the soldiers. 6. Mr Brown is being sent abroad on business. 7. A battleship is being sent to the war area. 8. Is the new student being examined now? 9. This chair has been broken by someone. 10. Everything that was needed has been done by Jack.

1. Motor Racing is the ... sport in the World.
A) expensivest
B) less expensive
C) most expensive
D) more expensive
E) much expensive

2. John fell ... a tree and broke his arm.
A) from
B) into
C) at
D) along
E) under

3. I felt very tired when I ... home, so I ... to bed.
A) will come/ will go
B) got/ went
C) get/ have gone
D) have come/ had gone
E) got/ had went

4. The child was glad. There ... many animals in the ZOO.
A) was
B) are
C) to be
D) were
E) is

5. What ___they___about when I came in?
A) did/ speak
B) do/ speak
C) will speak
D) were/ speaking
E) are/ speaking

6. The Sun is ... from the Earth than the Moon.
A) farther
B) far
C) the most far
D) the far
E) the farthest

7. There_____some milk in the bottle.
A) we
B) are
C) were
D) am
E) was

8. Choose the right auxiliary verb:
Where ... he go after the lessons?
A) are
B) doing
C) do
D) done
E) does

9. When Mark arrived, the Johnsons ____ dinner, but stooped in order to talk to him.
A) had
B) was having
C) had having
D) were having
E) had been having
10. How ... English words do you know?
A) many
B) a little
C) much
D) a few
E) little
11. Take the book ... the table and put it ... the shelf.
A) for, to
B) in, at
C) under, in
D) from, on
E) on, from
12. I ____ dinner when you rang me up.
A) haved
B) was having
C) am having
D) were having
E) having
13. My friend ___ busy the whole day yesterday.
A) has been
B) be
C) is
D) was
E) were
14. When I came home last night the baby... .
A) were sleeping
B) is sleeping
C) slept
D) sleeped
E) was sleeping
15. I like traveling ... the world.
A) with
B) on
C) around
D) behind
E) at
16. We ... at home tomorrow.
A) have
B) are
C) was
D) shall be
E) were
17.
... no central heating in my house.
A) There are
B) It is
C) Its
D) This is
E) There is
18. Dick is a sociable man and he has ___ friends.
A) few
B) little
C) many
D) a little
E) much
19. Where ... he ... next week-end?
A) do spend
B) will spend
C) shall spent
D) be spend
E) will spent
20. It happened just a ... days ago.
A) much
B) little
C) many
D) small
E) few