The shop manager (is being looked/is looking)for another warehouse where stock can (keep/be kept)

1) on
2) in
3) –

2. Does your pen-friend live in … England?
1) an
2) the
3) –

3. … I take your text-book? I’ve left mine at home
1) must
2) may
3) am

4. He … speak French next year
1) will be able to
2) could
3) will can

5. When … here?
1) did you arrived
2) have you arrived
3) did you arrive

6. Два из трех существительных образуют множественное число по одному правилу, лишнее слово:
1) tooth
2) book
3)foot

7. Предложение «I am … student» нужно дополнить артиклем
1) the
2) an
3) a

8. «Собака мистера Блэка» переводится
1) the Blacks’ dog
2) a dog of the Blacks
3) Mr. black’s dog

9. В предложении «Ann went to the bus stop near our house» существительное, являющееся определением другому существительному
1) ann
2) stop
3) bus

10. Предложение «This writer is … that one.» нужно дополнить
1) the most famous
2) famous
3) more famous

11. Число 2999 можно записать:
1) twenty nine ninety nine
2) two nine nine nine
3) two thousand nine hundred ninety nine

12. В предложении «They … schoolgirls a year ago» пропущено
1) were
2) are
3) was

13. Предложение «не бойся» переводится
1) Don’t worry
2) don’t be afraid
3) Be happy

1.Speak louder,please,the teacher asked a student in the English lesson yesterday.
2.He was very sad and....his frend:"Be serious!Dont iaugh at me!"
3.Yesterday the King...,"But how could I get rid of the mike?"
4.Last school year the students from the sixth from...good French.
5.When we arrived at Sarah s house,her mother...us the good news.
B)Yesterday Charlie...me all about his summer holidays.He spent them at an English language summer camp."Did you make a lot of new frends?"I asked him."Yes,of course.But I missed my old frends too!"he... ."So now we can...English to each other!"I... .Then I... him about my summer holidays.

come) lale 4) She (to have) a cat

1.

depend on?

3. What employees can be promoted to a job in a higher grade?

4. After what period do most civil service workers have career jobs?

5. Can membership of civil service employees in labor unions be forced by anybody? 6. What Association was formed in 1889?

7. Were the activities of the National Association of Letter Carriers restricted?

8. When did the Congress authorize the establishment of unions for federal employees?

9. Would union be permitted to strike against the government?

The Working Conditions of Government Employees Every working person is concerned about opportunities for promotion, and civil service workers are no exception. They have the opportunity for promotion within each salary grade, their advancement depending upon whether their work is done at an acceptable level of competence. Furthermore, employees who show ability and efficiency can be promoted to a job in a higher grade. After a trial period of one year, most civil service workers have career jobs with a good measure of security. No government employee can be forced to join a labor union; nor can he be prevented from doing so. The choice is up to him. The membership of civil service employees in labor unions was long a matter of dispute. In 1889, however, postal workers took the first step and formed the National Association of Letter Carriers. At first, the activities of thi^ organization were sharply restricted. Then, in 1912, the Congress authorized the establishment of unions for federal employees, with the provision that no union would be permitted to strike against the government.

Administrative management is an approach that focuses on principles that can be used by management to coordinate the internal activities of organizations.

For years, managers have considered decision making to be a pure art. It has been considered an art because a variety of individual styles can be used in approaching and successfully solving the same type of managerial problems in actual business practice. These styles are often based on creativity, judgment, intuition, and the experience rather than on the systematic analytical approach.

However, the environment in which management must operate is changing. A man has long since landed on the moon, and technological advancement dictates the pace of our life. Such advances in technology cannot possibly be made without concurrent advances in the systems of management.

Business and its environment are more complex today than ever before, and the trend toward increasing complexity is continuing. So making decisions today is much more complicated than in the past for three reasons. First, the number of alternatives is usually much larger. Second, the consequences of the decisions are more difficult to predict due to increased uncertainty. Finally, the cost of making errors has become larger and larger, mainly due to the size of operations, automation, and a resulting chain - reaction situation in which the impact of an error may be felt on many places due to complex interrelationships.

To illustrate how critical the impact of a single error can be, consider the following example. In the early 80s, the management of Polaroid decided to invest millions of dollars in developing a new camera, SX-70. The justification for the huge investment was the anticipation of large profits from the sale of film for the camera. On July 2, 1985, the Dow Jones Industrial Average plunged almost 16 points and closed at a low for the year of 790. The major contributor to the fall was the drop in Polaroid, a once highly priced glamour issue that fell ll3/g points, a decline of 32 percent, in a single day! The drop was attributed to an announcement that the sales of SX-70 film were only one third of the company's projections. The plunge reduced the value of Polaroid shares by more than 360 million USD overnight! The impact was so significant that even though Polaroid did not file for the bankruptcy, its earnings declined for several years.

Managers must become more sophisticated - they must learn to utilize new tools and techniques that are being developed in their field. No one can imagine a successful physician using the medicine and equipment of the turn of the century. Yet, in management, one can find executives using management tools of that time.
ТASK
1. Say whether it is true or false.

1. Administrative management is the ratio of the organization's productivity and the organization's structure.

b)Management is a process used to achieve certain goals through the utilization of resources.

c)The environment in which administrative management must operate is stable.

d)Today managerial decision making trends towards increasing simplicity.

e)In the early 60s, the management of Polaroid decided to invest millions of dollars.

f)Managers must learn to utilize new tools and techniques that are being developed in their field.



2. Finish the sentences:

1. For years, managers have considered decision making .. .

2. Such advances in technology cannot possibly be made without concurrent advances …. .

3. So making decisions today is much more complicated … .

4. First, the number of alternatives is .

5. Second, the consequences of decisions are more difficult to predict ….
GRAMMAR
1. Choose the correct answer.

1 He is ...C... man in the world.

A tall B taller C the tallest

2 I am …... than my sister.

A old B older C the oldest

3 This picture is …... of all.

A good B better C the best

4 My car was …... than yours.

A expensive B more expensive C the most expensive

5 This is …... film I've ever seen.

A boring B more boring C the most boring

6 Dan is not as ……. as Henry.

A thin B thinner C the thinnest

7 My shopping bag is as ... as yours.

A heavy B heavier C the heaviest

8 I think History is a(n) .. subject.

A interesting B more interesting C the most interesting

9 England is very …... in winter.

A cold B colder C the coldest

10 Trains are ….. than bicycles.

A fast B faster C the fastest



2. Underline the correct word.

1 She looked at me angry/angrily this morning.

2 He got dressed quick/quickly as he was late.

3 The fish had a strong/strongly smell.

4 She spoke to her friend soft/softly.

5 This salad tastes good/well.

6 That chair is quite comfortable/comfortably to sit on.

7 He sounded very unhappy/unhappily on the phone.

8 I feel sad/sadly today.

9 She is a very clever/cleverly student.


10 She crossed the road safe/safely.

discussing) the terms of payment when Mr. Dunbar arrived.

3. Every day at 8 a.m. the Sales Manager (instructs/ is instructing) the employees.

4. The Sales Manager (is instructing/ was instructing) the employees at 8.10 yesterday. 5. Mr. Jefferson (was looking/ were looking) through the draft contract at 3.30.

6. I (tried/ was trying) to get through to Ms. Churchill from 1 to 2 yesterday.

7. When I saw the manager yesterday, he (was getting/ got) ready for the meeting.

8. When the phone (rang/ was ringing), I (talked/ was talking) to the client.

9. Last week the Managing Director (received/ was receiving) some French businessmen and (was discussing/ discussed) the terms of the future contract with them.

10. The Director is busy now: he (was receiving/ is receiving) the businessmen from France.

others what to do. 3) Our manager is very tired. He (has been working / is working) hard for many hours. 4) I (was walking / walked) to my office when I met my colleague. 5) He (wrote / writes) a letter to the department yesterday. 6) He (has achieved / achieved) a position of leadership in the British civil service recently. 7) Civil servants in the past (had exercised / exercised) considerable influence on public affairs. 8) May be tomorrow he (will take / takes) this important decisions. 9) Different people (require / requires) different styles of leadership. 10) Nowadays Civil Servants (become / are becoming) risk takers, adventurers and public entrepreneurs.