Помогиииите ОООЧЕНЬ СРОЧНООООО сделайте задание к тексту WITCHES' LOAVES One day the man came as usual, and

1. When I ............. (telephone) my father last week, I .............(not/speak) to him for five years.
2. Eleanor ...............(go) to university for four years before she ...................(start) work at IBM.
3. All of the dinosaurs .............................. (die) millions of years ago.
4. I ......(got) home at five o'clock yesterday as usual and I ..... (find) that someone ....... (break into) my flat and .......................(steal) my video-recorder.
5. I .............................. (leave) school and ........... (join) the army many years ago.
6. By the time he was twenty, Mozart..........(write) several of his most popular pieces of music.
7. Before Marti .......(become) Mrs Stephens' personal assistant she ......(work) as a receptionist.
8. After Sarah ............(know) Alan for a few months he .........(ask) her to have dinner with him.

1.Are you materialistic?
2.Were you materialistic when you were younger?
3.What is important for materialistic people?

1. Cattle … kept for their meat.
a) is b) are
2. She was wearing shorts which … too big for her.
a) was b) were
3. … are my favourite flowers.
a) forgets-me-not b) forget-me-nots c) forgets-me-nots
4. Twenty five hours … a long time in politics.
a) is b) are
5. His experience of travel … limited.
a) is b) are
6. The information … classified as “Top Secret”.
a) were b) was
7. His experiences in Africa … used to write his book.
a) were b) was
8. He caught three … in this lake.
a) fish b) fishes
9. The car is … of transport.
a) means b) a mean c) a means

CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS

In the 15th century people knew only three continents: Europe, Asia and Africa. They knew nothing about such a big continent as America.

The man who was thought to be the discoverer of America was born in 1440 in Italy. His name was Christopher Columbus.He became a sailor at an early age. Knowing that the earth was round, he decided to reach1 India by sailing to the west. It was very difficult for him to organize his expedition as nobody wanted to help him. Many years after when he was an old man the Spanish government gave him some money for his expedition. He was able to set sail only in 1492, on August 3.

The voyage was very dangerous1 and difficult.- His men insisted on returning home, but Columbus did everything he could to make them continue their westward voyage. On the 12th of October, his ships reached a land. When they landed, they saw strange trees and flowers. Men and women with olive-coloured skins gathered around them and looked at them with great surprise. It was one of the Bahama's Islands. But Christopher Columbus thought it was one of the islands which lie off the coast of Asia and called it San Salvador.
He became a sailor at an early age. Knowing that the earth was round, he decided to reach1 India by sailing to the west. It was very difficult for him to organize his expedition as nobody wanted to help him. Many years after when he was an old man the Spanish government gave him some money for his expedition. He was able to set sail only in 1492, on August 3.

The voyage was very dangerous1 and difficult.- His men insisted on returning home, but Columbus did everything he could to make them continue their westward voyage. On the 12th of October, his ships reached a land. When they landed, they saw strange trees and flowers. Men and women with olive-coloured skins gathered around them and looked at them with great surprise. It was one of the Bahama's Islands. But Christopher Columbus thought it was one of the islands which lie off the coast of Asia and called it San Salvador.

Columbus’ second voyage to America took place in 1493. This time he discovered some other islands of the West Indies and made some settlements these.
On the third voyage he came to South America.
In 1502 he made his last voyage. This time he coasted along the shores of Central America. In 1506 he died in Spain being sure that he had reached Asia and knowing nothing of his great discovery of the New World.

1 Прочитайте уважно текст, щоб повністю зрозуміти його

зміст. Знайдіть у ньому і випишіть англійські еквіваленти таких словосполучень:

вони не знали нічого про, у ранньому віці, організувати експедицію, допомогти йому, наполягати на поверненні додому, незнайомі дерева й квіти, дуже здивовано, один з островів, заснував поселення (колонію), остання подорож, будучи впевненим

2. Ответы на вопросы
What continents did people know in the 15th century?
When was Christopher Columbus born?
When did the first voyage of Columbus begin?
When did Columbus come to South America?
When did Columbus die?

1. A bond is …


2. Interest paid on bond is …


3.
Issuing too much stock …


текст:



PRIMARY METHODS HOW TO RAISE NEW CAPITAL

ISSUING BONDS. A bond is a written promise to pay a
specific amount of money at a certain date in the future or periodically over
the course of a lo an, during which time interest is paid at a fixed rate on
specified dates. Should the holder of the bond wish to get back money before
the note is due, the bond may be sold to someone else. When the bond reaches
“maturity”, the company promises to pay back

the principal at its face value.

Bonds are desirable for the company because the
interest rate is lower than in most other types of

– borrowing. Also, interest paid on bonds is a tax
deductible business expense for the corporation. The disadvantage is tha t
interest payments ordinarily are made on bonds even when no profits are earned.
For this reason, a smaller corporation can seldom raise much capital by issuing
bonds.

SALES OF COMMON STOCK. Holders of bonds have lent
money to the company, but they have no voice in its affairs, nor do they share
in profits or losses. Quite the reverse is true for what are known as “equity”
investors who buy common stock. They own shares in the corporation and have
certain legal rights including, in most cases, the right to vote for the board
of directors who actually manage the

company. But they receive no dividends until interest
payments are made on outstanding bonds.

If a company’s financial health is good and its assets
sufficient, it can create capital by voting to iss

ue additional shares of common stock. For a large
company, an investment banker agrees to guarantee the purchase of a new stock
issue at a set price. If the market refuses to buy the issue at a minimum
price, the banker will take them and absorb the loss. Like printing paper
money, issuing too much stock diminishes the basic value of each share.

Northern Ireland. England, Wales and Scotland occupy the territory of Great Britain. Northern Ireland is situated in the northern part of Ireland. The territory of the United Kingdom is about 244,000 square kilometres, it takes the 75th place among other countries in the world. The population is more than 57 million. About 80% of the population is urban. The capital of the country is London. Great Britain is separated from the continent by the English Channel which is 34 km wide in its narrowest point. The country is also washed by the North Sea, the Irish Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The surface of Great Britain varies greatly. The northern and western parts of the country is mountainous and is called the Highlands. All the rest (south, east and centre) is a vast plain which is called the Lowlands. The mountains are not very high. The rivers are not long. The most important of them are the Severn, the Thames, the Trent . There are many beautiful lakes in the mountainous parts of the country. The mountains, the Atlantic Ocean and the warm waters of the Gulf Stream influence the climate of Great Britain. It is mild the whole year round. Great Britain is a highly developed industrial country. It is known as one of the world's largest producers and exporters of iron and steel products, machinery and electronics, chemicals and textile, aircraft and navigation equipment. One of the chief industries of the country is shipbuilding. 7 per cent of the population is engaged in farming. Great Britain is a country with old cultural traditions and customs. The most famous educational centres are Oxford and Cambridge universities. They are considered to be the intellectual centres of Europe. The education is not free, it is very expensive. The United Kingdom is a monarchy and the Queen is the head of the state. But in practice it is ruled by the

elected government with a Prime Minister at the head. The British Parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. It sits in the House of Parliament in Westminster.

There are three main political parties in Great Britain: the Labour, the Conservative and the Liberal parties. The Labour party with Antony Blair at the head is the ruling party nowadays. There’s no written constitution in Great Britain only precedents and traditions.


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Прочитайте вопросы 1 – 5 и рекламные объявления A – F о музеях в Вашингтоне, столице США, и установите соответствие между вопросами и рекламными объявлениями. В каждом тексте вы найдете ответ только на один вопрос..В задании один текст лишний.

Which museum


1.
is more than a century old?

2.
is named after a man who loved Asian art?

3.
gives an idea of what George Washington looked like?

4.
collects things of working class people?

5.
gives its visitors a chance to travel in space?

A---The Mount Vernon Museum gives an idea of George and Martha Washington's life. On display are personal things of America's first president and military equipment. One can also see porcelain and silver used at Mount Vernon.

A bust of George Washington modeled at Mount Vernon by the French sculptor Jean Houdon, is also exhibited. The bust is thought to look like the model. Washington is depicted as a general, the founder of the state.

B--- In the Freer Gallery of Art visitors will find one of the finest collections of Chinese and Japanese art in the western world. A Detroit industrialist, Charles Lang Freer, was fond of Oriental art. During his trips to London he began collecting it. Later he gave his private collection to the museum which had been opened a century before.

C--- The Renwick gallery shows American art from the 19th to the 21st centuries. The collection has works of modern American artists in glass, ceramics, metal, and wood. The building, begun in 1859, was Washington, D.C.'s first art museum. It is named after the building's architect, James Renwick.

D ---This museum is filled with the sounds, sights and smells of the life of this big city in the past.
The museum tells about common people who worked in industries, trades and services, looking at their work and pastimes and uses reconstructed scenes, objects and photographs to bring their story to life.

E--- This Museum is so much fun for kids and grown-ups. It tells the story of flight, from the first balloons to our current exploration of the Universe. It is the home of the first airplane. Only in this museum visitors can make a tour of the Universe and walk through a skylab orbital workshop.

F---
The attractive and unusual architecture of the Hirshhorn Museum sets it apart from the other museums on the Mall. Looking like a sculpture itself, the Hirshhorn Museum is a tall cylinder. The museum is named after an American collector of modern art.