Soon, the church is to be reconstructed. The layer of earth under the church has a complex structure, being strong only at the very bottom; the above

Hello,Alice.
Long time did not communicate with you so I decided to write you a letter.
I live in the city of Sochi.It is very beautiful and as soon winter olympics will be held,built a lot of new building.When I go to my grandmother in the village,she has absolutely everything in a different way.Another way of life,all is quiet and calm.
Do your new friend love going to the cinema as much as you do?Do they go to the same school as you?And what about sports are your friends as sporty as you are?
Waiting for an answer from you.
Best wishes,Angelina.

printer is (expensive). That one is even (expensive). This company is (important) in the world. The ColourScan scanner is (reliable) among others. The manufactures chose (high) technology to produce this device. This task is (difficult) than the previous one. You can buy (good) digital cameras in our shop. Dot-matrix printers are (cheap) than laser printers. The Micro Liser XT is (fast) of all. It is (easy) to draw rectangles than ellipses. We can provide you with any (far) information.

entity with a single consciousmind. This is not, of course, the case. To understand reportsof market behaviour you have to bear in mind the way themarket works.

A market is simply a mechanism, which allows individualsor organizations to trade with each other. Markets bringtogether buyers and sellers of goods and services. In somecases, such as a local fruit stall, buyers and sellers meetphysically. In other cases, such as the stock market,business can be transacted over the telephone, almost byremote control. There's no need to go into these details.Instead, we use a general definition of markets.

A market is a shorthand expression for the process by whichhouseholds' decisions about consumption of al-ternativegoods, firms' decisions about what and how to produce, andworkers' decisions about how much and for whom to workare all reconciled by adjustment of prices.

Prices of goods and of resources, such as labour,machinery and land, adjust to ensure that scarce resourcesare used to produce those goods and services that societydemands.

Much of economics is devoted to the study of how marketsand prices enable society to solve the problems of what,how and for whom to produce. Suppose you buy ahamburger for your lunch. What does this have to do withmarkets and prices? You chose the cafe because it wasfast, convenient and cheap. Given your desire to eat, andyour limited resources, the low hamburger price told you thatthis was a good way to satisfy your appetite. You proba-blyprefer steak but that is more expensive. The price of steak ishigh enough to ensure that society answers the "for whom"question about lunchtime steaks in favour of someone else.

Now think about the seller's viewpoint. The cafe owner is inbusiness because, given the price of hamburger meat, therent and the wages that must be paid, it is still possible tosell hamburgers at a profit. If rents were higher, it might bemore profitable to sell hamburgers in a cheaper area or toswitch to luxury lunches for rich executives on expenseaccounts.. The student behind the counters working therebecause it is a suitable part-time job, which pays a bit ofmoney. If the wage were much lower it would hardly beworth, working at all. Conversely, the job is unskilled andthere are plenty of students looking for such work, soowners of cafes do not have to offer very high wages.

Prices are guiding your decision to buy a hamburger, theowner's decision to sell hamburgers, and the student'sdecision to take the job. Society is allocating resources –meat, buildings, and labour – into hamburger productionthrough the price system. If nobody liked hamburgers, theowner could not sell enough at a price that covered the costof running the cafe and society would devote no resources tohamburger production. People's desire to eat hamburgersguides resources into hamburger production. However, ifcattle contracted a disease, thereby reducing the economy'sability to produce meat products, competition to purchasemore scarce supplies of beef would bid up the price of beef,hamburger producers would be forced to raise prices, andconsumers would buy more cheese sandwiches for lunch.Adjustments in prices would encourage society to reallocateresources to reflect the increased scarcity of cattle.

There were several markets involved in your purchase of ahamburger. You and the cafe owner were part of the marketfor lunches. The student behind the counter was part of thelocal labour market. The cafe owner was part of the localwholesale meat market and the local market for rentedbuildings. These descriptions of markets are not veryprecise. Were you part of the market for lunches, the marketfor prepared, food or the market for sandwiches to which youwould have turned if hamburgers had been moreexpensive? That is why -we have adopted a very generaldefinition of markets, which emphasizes that they arearrangements through, which prices influence the allocationof scarce resources.

Fill in the gaps with the words and expressions from the text

1 To understand reports of market behaviour you have to …the way the market works

2. ...On the stock market, business can be transacted over the telephone, almost by … . 3. ...A market is a … expression for the process by which households’ decisions about consumption of goods, firms’ decisions about what and how to produce, and workers’ decisions about how much and for whom to work are all … by ….

4. Much of economics is devoted to the study of how markets and prices … society to solve the problems.

5. …. your desire to eat and your limited resources, the low hamburger price told you that this was a good way to … your appetite.

The letter (to post) in half an hour. 4. The question (to answer) soon. 5. The book (to discuss) next Friday. 6. The article (to publish) last week. 7. The lecture (to attend) by all the students yesterday. 8. The young man (to introduce) to him fifteen minutes ago. 9. Ukraine (to situate) in the south-eastern part of Europe. 10. Kyiv (to found) more than 15 centuries ago. 11. The northern part of Ukraine (to cover) with forests. 12. The eastern and southern parts of Ukraine (to situate) in the zone of fertile steps. 13. In the South Ukraine (to wash) by the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov. 14.Coal (to use) in big metallurgical plants in Zaporizhya and Dnipropetrovsk. 15. Electronics (to develop) in Kharkiv, Kyiv and Lviv. 16. Poltava (to situate) on the banks of the Vorskla river.

in seamanship next year. 3)Radio apprentices (to tell) how to repair transmitters in case of trouble last term. 4) The boatswain (to order) by the captain to repair three life-boats last week. 5)The Russian Museum (to visit) by thousands of people every year. 6) Kate (to invite) to see a new film yesterday. 7)A new TV set (to buy) by our Chief Officer next month. 8) The ice-breaker Jermak (to build) by Admiral Makarov in 1899.

simultaneously to a filler metal in the form of wire or welding rod, which is melted to the joint. Are welding is the most important welding process for joining steels. It requires a continuous supply of either direct or alternating electrical current. The most widely used are tance welding, heat is obtained from the resistance of metal to the flow of an electric current. Electrodes are clamped on each side of the parts to be welded, the parts are subjected to great pressure, and a heavy current is applied for a short period. Thr point where two metals touch creates resistance to the flow widely employed in many fields of sheet metal or wire manufacturing and is often used for welds made by automatic or semi-automatic machines especially in automobile industry.