Переведите, обращая внимание на многозначные слова:

Переведите.

1) Tsiolkovsky is known to have developed the theory of rocket
flying.
2) The experiment was supposed to have been completed.
3) Electric current is known to flow in metal parts.

Переведите следующие предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на форму глагола придаточных предложений:
1) Не said that he had read this book twice.
2) We thought that the results of your work would be better.
3) The boy said that he was only eight years old.

1) If he were here now, he would tell us many interesting stories about his trip.
2) If she could, she would certainly help you.
3) Had we known all those facts before, we should have written to you about

Подчеркните прилагательные в английских предложениях и укажите степень сравнения. 1. Steel made the cars much lighter and safer than the old wooden cars. 2. Railway transport is one of the cheapest ways of transporting freight over long distances. 3. It is more convenient to carry these goods by lorry than by rail.
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Задание 2. Перепишите и переведите предложения, употребив прилагательные, данные в скобках, в сравнительной или превосходной степени. 1. Railways are the (important) form of transport in Russia. 2. The cars that are built today become (comfortable). 3. Our (good) diesel locomotive develops a speed of 170 km per hour. Задание 3. Перепишите и переведите предложения. Определите форму (Present, Past, Future) и функцию (основной, вспомогательный, модальный) глаголов TO BE и TO HAVE. Подчеркните эти глаголы в английском варианте. 1. The railways were invented before the age of steam. 2. A railway track is steel rails on wooden sleepers (шпалы) 3. Nowadays various machines have replaced hard manual labor. 4. Train No3 is to arrive at platform 2. 5. The civil engineers are trying to find out the most suitable route.
Задание 4. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление времён группы Indefinite (Simple) (Present, Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залоге. Выпишите сказуемые и укажите их видовременную форму и залог. 1. For many years engineers tried to find a new material for making sleepers (шпалы). 2. Some changes were made in the original design. 3. We find a lot of information about this invention on the Internet.
Задание 5. Перепишите и переведите текст.
George Stephenson
George Stephenson was an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer who built the first public inter-city railway line in the world to use steam locomotives. G.Stephenson was born in Wylam, 9.3 miles (15km) west of Newcastle. His father was a fireman, earning a very low wage, so there was no money for schooling. At the age of 17, Stephenson became an engineman. He realized the value of education and paid to study at night school to learn reading, writing and arithmetic. In1802 he moved to Willington Quay where he worked as a brakeman, made shoes and mended clocks to supplement his income. In 1811 the pumping engine at his work was not working properly and Stephenson offered to fix it. He did so with such success that he was promoted to maintain and repair all the colliery engines. He became an expert in steam-driven machinery.
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Stephenson designed his first locomotive in 1814. The locomotive could haul 30 tons of coal up a hill at 4mph (6.4 km/h). The new engines were too heavy to run on wooden rails, and iron rails were in their infancy, with cast iron exhibiting excessive brittleness. Stephenson improved the design of cast-iron rails to reduce breakage and managed to solve the problem caused by the weight of the engine on the primitive rails. The years between 1830-1840 were the busiest in Stephenson life. Many of the first American railroad builders came to Newcastle to learn from Stephenson. But G. Stephenson cannot claim to have invented the locomotive. Richard Trevithick deserves that credit. But Stephenson was the first to suggest the standard gauge, sometimes called “Stephenson gauge” which is now used throughout the world. As a tribute to his life and works, a bronze statue was unveiled at Chesterfield railway station in the town where Stephenson spent the last ten years of his life. G.Stephenson died aged 67, on 12 August 1848 in Chesterfield.
Задание 6. Укажите, какие из следующих утверждений соответствуют содержанию текста. Используйте фразы: It is right. It is wrong. Исправьте неверные утверждения. 1. G.Stephenson was an American civil and mechanical engineer. 2. He became an expert in steam-driven machinery. 3. Stephenson designed his first locomotive in 1824. 4. His first locomotive could haul 30 tons of coal

1. When crossing the street, first look to the left.
2. The woman playing the piano is his mother.
3. This is a church built many years ago.
4. She is looking through the magazine now.

Переведите , обращая внимание на функцию инфинитива.
1. They promised to supply us with the necessary equipment.
2. The purpose of this book is to describe certain properties of vegetarian food.
3. The experiment to be carried out is of great importance for our research.
4. That funny scene made me to laugh.

переведите обращая внимание на разные значения слов it, that, one.
1. The quality of the packed lunch can vary from terrible to very good; it depends jn who makes it.
2. One in five people say that all they have breakfast is a cup of coffee.
3. One should take part in scientific work.
4. It' clear that he's made a mistake.

Exercise 3. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на сравнения. 1. Mathematics is the most important subject for technical students. It is more important than English. 2. The stronger the magnet, the greater the distance through which it acts. 3. No problem attracted as much attention as the ecological situation in big cities. 4. The best way to learn the foreign language is to speak it as often as possible. 5. The structure of the aircraft has to be as small and light as safety and efficiency will allow.
Exercise 4. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения слов many, much и их форм. 1. The written English is much more difficult than spoken English. 2. You have just translated the most unimportant article; translate one more, please. 3. Most articles in this journal are more informative than the books you have recommended. 4. The more you study, the more you know, consequently, the more you forget. Exercise 5. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения глаголов to be, to have, to do. 1. The students were working at the laboratory. They didn’t even have breaks. They were to finish at 6 o’clock. 2. He will have much work. He will have to work hard to improve his project. 3. I do know that physics is of great importance for engineers. Every technical student is to study it for some years. Do you study physics properly? I do. 4. Physicists have solved a great many of very important problems. They did the use of nuclear energy possible. But they still have many questions. Now they have to build special solar stations to utilize the energy of the Sun.
Exercise 6. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения слов one, it, that. 1. It was such a surprise to him that no one could help him. 2. Our old laboratory equipment was much worse than the new one. We had never thought that it was that decayed. 3. It is due to radioactive elements that one can measure the thickness of various materials. 4. One can’t read such technical papers without that dictionary. You may borrow it in the library. 5. It was in the end of the last century when the idea of automation has become one of the most important for modern industry.
Exercise 7. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на значения модальных глаголов и их эквивалентов. 1. One ought to say that the discovery of atomic energy was very important for the further development of science and engineering.2. The lecture of the well-known professor is to begin at 6, therefore the lecturer will have to come at quarter to 6. 3. You will be able to visit this new workshop only after the new transfer line is installed. 4. This company must have supplied the first-quality machines for over 10 years. They are allowed to replace the old equipment in our workshop. 5. May I use those new devices for my research work in the laboratory? 6. The students mustn’t speak at the lecture and disturb the lecturer by telephone calls. 7. The driver needn’t repair the engine himself; he should address the maintenance company. 8. He might have already missed the train. Could you buy him another ticket?