Переведите с русского на англискийНа территории, занимаемой современной Винницей, человек селился с незапамятных времен. Археологи нашли здесь орудия

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Catk2000koko123

19 апр. 2015 г., 1:27:10 (9 лет назад)

The territory occupied Vinnitsa modern man dwelt from time immemorial. Archaeologists find here tools Neolithic Bronze Age burial , early Slavic settlement from the chernyakhivska culture. Since the mid- tenth century. territory of the modern city and its surroundings has been inhabited and Tivertsy convict , was part of Kievan Rus, and after its collapse moved to Galicia-Volyn principality . After the Mongol -Tatar invasion, life for some time out from the shores of the Southern Bug.
Vinnitsa base associated with the name Theodore Koriatovichi , nephew of the Lithuanian Grand Duke Algirdas . In 1363 ( according to some sources in 1362 - m) , he laid a wooden fortress on high steeper below the confluence of the Bug left its tributary - river Vinnichka . Castle Hill Tract , addressed in the XIX century in the quarries, by 1890, disappeared completely turned into the foundations of houses and urban roadways . The name " Vinnitsa " occurs already in a document signed June 13, 1385 in Cracow King Wladyslaw Jagiello . Of the many versions explaining the name of the city , perhaps the most likely ones that are based on the following words: " Vinnitsa " - distillery where wine brewed beer , Old Slavic " vno " - posag dowry received Koriatovichi , and Vinnichka - river .
Small wooden castle among other steppe fortifications , of course, was not pleased Horde . From 1400 to 1569 he was subjected to thirty times only major attacks , burned and rose again on the Bug. Layout Vinnitsa castle can be seen in the regional museum.
Castle represented in terms of a rectangle measuring approximately fifty to seventy meters. Walls made of Gorodnov chopped pine and oak beams in the cage , had a height of about six meters each. On the inner side wall represented braid like Týn - from vines with clay plaster . Over a six-meter indoor blank wall was arranged chopped parapet - blankovane or oblanki - which left holes for shooting - podsyabitya ( under smiling beat ) - of gakovnits or guns. From the yard along the walls were lined with sheds - storage ; roof served their dais where evolved different supplies for the defense - pads , rocks , etc. : Defense at the right time all flew on the heads of enemies , and an hour of silence and going again evolved on the platform . Here stood a wooden trough with water in case of fire . In the corners and over the gate tower loomed chopped - vezhi with access to blankovane . The towers were installed cannon. Travel portal tower closed drawbridge - uzvod . In the center of the courtyard was a church of the Intercession , located near offices and outbuildings. Immediately well and a secret passage to the river. Day went on blankovanyam watchman at night - hooping . And only occasionally castle guarded by a special military guard - Drabov garrison . It is at times because not always been formidable and impregnable castle . Thus, according to the audit in 1471 there was only one gun and two squeaked .
In the second half of the XV century Vinnitsa by Alexander Kazimirovich privilege already enjoyed Magdeburg law . Municipality an elected magistrate , which included glad - Board of eight members headed by the mayor , the lava - the court of five fins with login and headed commune of twelve

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Superroman

19 апр. 2015 г., 2:45:44 (9 лет назад)

The territory occupied Vinnitsa modern man dwelt from time immemorial. Archaeologists find here tools Neolithic Bronze Age burial, early Slavic settlement from the chernyakhivska culture. Since the mid-tenth century. territory of the modern city and its surroundings has been inhabited and Tivertsy convict, was part of Kievan Rus, and after its collapse moved to Galicia-Volyn principality. After the Mongol-Tatar invasion, life for some time out from the shores of the Southern Bug.